腹有诗书气自华 | 跟抖森学英语
前两天《复仇者联盟3：无限战争》来华宣传。我专访了洛基的扮演者Tom Hiddleston"抖森"。跟他聊天是件很舒服的事。他回答问题有条理，有深度，该开玩笑开玩笑，该走心走心，是位难得的优秀采访对象。这次专访跟上次不同的是，走心的深刻剖析比较多，而且还有看似剧透的暗示内容。
很多人知道抖森是学霸——伊顿公学，之后剑桥古典文学专业double first成绩毕业。回复里一位姓王的校长也提到了这点：
他学霸到什么程度呢？请看图：
腹有诗书气自华，研究古典文学，精通希腊语的学霸讲起话来自然有种优雅文艺的书生气。低沉温柔的声音就不说了，抖森谈吐的不俗气质主要在于他措辞讲究，从句式到用词都显示出良好的教育，内容也有深度，有思考，跟常见的Well, you know, I was like, literally, oh my god, like…I can’t even…just like…you know…totally...anyway…you know what I mean, right?式明星访谈完全是两种画风。
这次采访中走心的部分我非常喜欢。抖森的口语陈述也如书面写作般认真用心。他剖析洛基人物性格和表白莎翁的内容简直跟小论文差不多。
下面我整理了访谈的文字版，顺便挑些语言方面的亮点跟大家分享。虽然只有短短9分钟，但还是能在口语和写作方面给大家一些启发。当然，访谈的视频音频也是模仿英音的标准素材。
简单来说这就是抖森亲自教你学英语。这一堂课得值多少钱啊？！
估计肯定有人会担心：我是不是得有GRE程度的词汇量才能学会人家学霸的口语表达啊？
其实看完视频你会发现，想展现语言深度并不一定要用GRE大词。抖森全程除了一个法语短语和一个拉丁短语之外(而且这俩词都已经被借入英文)，没有特别难懂的词汇。关键在于词汇的句式的用法。
PART ONE
深入的人物剖析
I truly…I see it as one of the great privileges of mine to play this character.
有个小办法大家可以试试：关掉视频声音，只看中文字幕。暂停后自己对着中文逆向翻译回去，再把你的版本跟抖森原版对照，用词用句方面的差距会很明显，你也就知道不足在哪，如何学习提高了。
比如看到“这是我的荣幸”，自然会想到it's my honor/I'm honored to...抖森用的privilege并不难，但用词比honor多了一点心思。关键在于他表达的方式是one of the great privileges of mine，再加上简单但很多人平时想不到使用的see it，听起来跟It's my honor感觉就完全不一样了。
以后大家致辞，领奖，发言等场合上台时就知道怎么说了：
I truly see it as one of the great privileges of mine to ...
It’s that in the first film, the first Thor film directed by Kenneth Branagh, Loki begins as Thor’s brother his equal, his friend, his ally.
抖森常提起初次跟肯尼斯布拉纳爵士聊《雷神1》以及出演该电影的故事。肯尼斯布拉纳是著名英国莎翁剧明星和莎翁剧导演。《雷神1》的精彩之处就在于其莎翁悲剧内核。对于热爱莎翁剧的抖森来说，这次跟布拉纳导演的合作让他非常难忘。
提到最初神兄弟俩平起平坐，抖森所用的equal仍是简单词汇。但你会发现，很多人熟悉的只是equal的形容词(如equal pay)和动词词性(如Two plus two equls four)，而这里是名词。就好比大家都知道better，但很多人不知道better可以当动词一样。
举个例子吧。很多老人喜欢说结婚要门当户对。用英文表达就是marry your equal，比如曾经有句话叫Marrying your equal is better than marrying rich.
扩展一下，跟结婚相关的marry up高攀和marry beneath (oneself)屈尊。《寂静之地》导演John Krasinski自嘲配不上老婆Emily Blunt用的是I married up.
And the revelation of Loki’s lineage that he was adopted…
revelation这词大家注意不要只看四六级托福雅思词汇书上的中文释义，不全。之前看回复里有人写的是“启示录”。如果上下文是《圣经》的话这当然没错，但这里的revelation说的是揭开洛基身世秘密。
You were adopted.
身世这词抖森用的是lineage血统/世系，源自line，指家族代代传承的“身世线”。也不算难，就是+age后缀变名词或更高端的名词。比如advantage, leakage，carriage, marriage之类的（咦？怎么又说到了marriage）
You see this extraordinary vulnerability in him and which gives way to anger and rage and self-disgust and confusion.
同样，extraordinary是很常见的正面形容词。但注意这里抖森的用法并非正面，而是直接用该词的程度来修饰一个负面的名词，也是他在访谈中多次提到的洛基心魔：vulnerability脆弱。所以大家记住，extraordinary不一定是正面的“非凡”“不寻常”，也可以是“异常的”“程度高的”。
give way to这个表达就厉害了！三个词你都认识，放在一起你就不熟了。推荐大家学习这个简单使用的表达。字面意思是“为xx让路”“让步”，实际表示的是“引出”“变得”“被xx取代”。
如：My grief gave way to anger when I realized that my husband died in the bedroom of his girlfriend.
And then all of those things harden to become what it then becomes his malevolence. And so as a villain in Avengers, he is evacuating all of that anger and rage and self-disgust because he can’t fully process it, that he feels lost. He feels alone.
harden的选择也很用心。如果只是用combine或interweave或transform都没有harden这样从容易受伤的软弱灵魂转变成报复世界的铁石心肠的画面感和过程。malevolence比evil或者darkness更准确，坏而狡诈，但没坏透的感觉。
evacuate是非常有趣的用词。发泄一般人用let out，好一点用vent，再好点用cleanse/purge甚至名词catharsis，而evacuate是撤离疏散的意思，暗示着愤懑暴怒自我厌恶这些负面情绪对洛基来说也是痛苦的存在，他不仅需要让它们离开，而且要迅速离开。
process也是值得推荐的用法。某个坏消息让你难以接受无法面对，需要时间消化的话，你就可以说，I can't process it.
anger/rage的区别之前也有人问过。我一开始以为是抖森只是想到同义词就补上而已。后来注意到，这样的情况几分钟里他连续出现几次，anger/rage, charm/charisma, intelligence/intellect 应该是有意而为。几组词的具体区别大家可以看中文字幕，也可以查阅英英词典的释义。
And I think it’s unique in the arc of drawing a villain where the audience gets to see how vulnerable that character was.
draw比常用的portray(塑造角色)更直白生动。
arc用在电影方面一般指人物角色的发展过程。很多人不理解为何用arc来形容人物的故事线。这次抖森老师直接用手势来给你解释。一看就懂。
And on top of all of that you have his charm and his charisma and his mischief which makes him I think very very interesting. But also it’s my good fortune to inhabit the role of a trickster.
charm and charisma是我刚才提到的同义词重复使用。good fortune是开头第一句previlege的替换词。
inhabit的用法很见功力。扮演角色通常说take the role/play the role，再难一点assume the role，结果抖森用了inhabit，这也就四级词汇，根本不难，但大多数人根本不知道inhabit还能这么用。这里的词义来自"to be present in or occupy in any manner or form."
The tricksters in all mythologies are...their whole raison d'être is about subverting and confounding the status quo and convention. They’re there to create chaos and they love it.
subvert和confound以及convention用词恰当精准。如果你只知道convention是大会的意思，那真的建议放下词汇书，换一本好词典了。
但这句最厉害的是连续用了法语和拉丁语：status quo拉丁语，表示“”现状”，这个还不难。raison d'être就厉害了！reason for being，存在的理由。
So there’s something about that.
这句话看似废话，好像什么也没说，但实际的意思是说：那事不一般/不同寻常。这里的something的用法类似于It's really something. 这事不得了啊
That to me, that his complexity is that for so long now he doesn’t quite know where he fits in the universe. And yet he has enormous gifts of intelligence and intellect and magic and transformation. So he has all these powers.But he’s really acting for himself because he doesn’t belong anywhere else. Sorry, that was a long answer.
complexity, fit, gift同样都是常见但很多人还没能脱口而出随意使用的词。
intelligence and intellect同义词复用再次出现。
act for代表，洛基不顾他人，只为自己代言，act for himself
PART TWO
暗示剧情，替海总讲故事
Well, I’m trying to think of the … over the course of the films. I mean he does do some...Cross the films, he has done some very unpleasant things to Thor which I think is why the audience hate him so much.
unpleasant是非常英式的思维和表达方式，这叫understatement，天大的事儿也往小了说，反而会制造出反差的喜感。比如巨蟒和圣杯著名的那段动图，胳膊被砍了之后“哦，不要紧，皮肉伤而已”。
He stabs him. He…you know tries to…tries to do all kinds of … tries to leave him stranded on earth.
stabs him这个细节要说一下。仔细听的话会发现我说了一句He stabbed him.抖森听到说对啊He stabs him. He tries to ... 为什么用stabs和tries而不是stabbe和left？因为stabbed表示捅哥哥这事以前发生过一次，而He stabs him是说他没事就捅一下。
leave...stranded丢下不管，让对方被困在某地
And, so I don’t know. And we haven’t seen that yet.
这个yet，大家自行体会吧。
And it’s also…I’ll say this what happens in Thor:Ragnorak is very important because in all the other films, Asgard is…Asgard still exists as a place.
And Odin exists. And the family exists. So when Odin is gone, and the revelation of another sister that they actually had the…Hella was the first-born.
再次使用revelation，强调此事对洛基的震撼。
You know, there wasn’t time enough to explore in Thor:Ragnorak how that affects Loki. He is… this is sort of another revelation.
there wasn't time enough跟there wasn't enough time是一样的意思，但读起来前者要更带范儿一点。
And really by the end of Ragnorak, Asgard is gone and Odin is gone. The only reminders of that childhood are each other. So they’re almost closer at the end of Ragnorak than ever.
这两句的解释看中文字幕就行了。但其实是侧面回答了这个问题。再加上前面的not yet，大概就能猜到复联3里洛基跟雷神间会有什么样的剧情了。
I’m just the old Tom. Old Tom and young Tom. Yeah, I don’t know about the Chrises. What would Chris say? He probably would tell…he would probably…He does a lot of…The last time we did something together, he talked about wanting to play Captain Australia. He said this is the next great Mar…the…there’s an undiscovered Marvel movie to be made about Captain Australia where he’ll be wearing the Australian flag and he’d ride a kangaroo, and he has a boomerang he throws out and comes back and a crocodile that bites people.
都是开玩笑的内容，没什么特别的。undiscovered这词很有趣。虽然漫画里确实有过澳洲队长的一个镜头，但其实跟海总说的这些一点关系没有。抖森这里的undiscovered基本是在暗暗调侃海总胡扯。
请注意我画出来的where，并参照整个访谈里他多次用到的where 一个小词会能改变整个句子的画风。这样的从句中学就学过，但是你是否能熟练使用呢？
PART THREE
对粉丝的影响，心爱的莎翁剧
Amazing! First of all, thank you everybody for having me back in China. This is my first time in Shanghai. And I love it here. I feel very grateful and honored that you have connected with my work and thought I have anything interesting to offer or to say.
connect比relate to范围更广一些，任何形式上的“联系”应该都算。
后面那句纯属谦虚，thought I have anything interesting to offer or to say，意思就是说自己所做所说的其实都没什么意思的呀，感谢你们厚爱我。
And I feel…I’m really touched if anything that I have done or said has helped you in its own way. So thank you for that. And give yourselves credit as well because at the end of the day you’re in control of your own lives. It’s not me. So, thank you.
give credit承认自己的功劳。几年前他就曾经对感谢他的粉丝说，其实不是我救了你，是你自己救了自己。例如， I'll give you credit for that.
in its own way以某种形式。很委婉而谦虚的说法。
at the end of the day是抖森很喜欢用的一个短语，表示的是“归根结底”。
At the moment, no. But I will always I think feel at home in the theater. That’s where I began my life as an actor.
feel at home字面意思，回家一般的感觉。
I’ve always gone back, particularly to Shakespeare. The depth and profundity... I mean it’s no surprise to anyone but the depth and profundity and breadth of Shakespeare’s writing to me is without equal or parallel in English literature.
depth and profundity又是同义词复用。自己去查区别。
without equal or parallel这也是种推荐的用法。without parallel和unparalleled在意思上没有什么区别，但说起来效果还是有些不一样的。书面语当然更追求简洁，能说suddenly就没必要说all of a sudden，但口语是有节奏有起伏有音乐般韵律的。所以有时短语要比单词说起来很有锦上添花的画面感和节奏感。
He…those plays have so much humanity in them. And they never cease to reveal new things about the experience of being alive.
never cease to比always更正式些。He always surprises me. 和He never cease to amaze me. 说起来还是有差别的。
I think Shakespeare understood what it means to be alive in a very profound way from many many different perspectives. And so each play touches on something different. It might be something about love. It might be about family.It might be about ambition or jealousy or war or politics.
perspective同样是大家都会用，但一提笔就忘的词。
touch on画面感多强啊。以后再说某作品的主题是什么，涉及到什么方面，记得用这个短语。意思是涉及/关于："have to do with or be relevant to"
There’s something about the way he writes, which is to me uniquely profound. So I hope as long as I’m an actor I will always continue to touch those plays and I recently played Hamlet for the first time last summer. And I enjoyed it very much indeed.
There's something about再次出现，你还记得这句是什么意思吗？对，不寻常，不一般。当然你也可以用来说某人。比如: There's something about that girl.
Which is really an examination of life and death, of grief, of loneliness, of depression, of loss, isolation and vulnerability.I mean Hamlet is the most isolated, most vulnerable, one of the most vulnerable characters that Shakespeare wrote.
脆弱是抖森这次访谈的关键词。这里还提到另一个充满忧郁气质的词：isolated隔绝的孤立的。如果知道这词源自isle小岛，你就可以很容易想象它所代表的感觉。孤立无助，与世隔绝。就像全国都在下雪时的北京。
And it’s interesting having played other parts you know having played Coriolanus as well, who’s similarly isolated but he’s angrier and stronger and has different problems. Anyway. Nothing at the moment. But I hope I’ll always work in those plays in some capacity. There’re many many Shakespeare plays I have not yet done. So, we’ll see. Thank you. Thanks.
in some capacity跟前面他说如果我的作品或者我的言论影响到你时的in its own way一样，都是表示在某种程度以某种形式。可以看出抖森是很严谨，说话讲究分寸的人。
写了一堆，错漏难免，各位见谅。
希望大家多少能学到一点东西。
祝大家周末快乐~诶嘿嘿嘿
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